ballingt

JavaScript Packaging

Sat, 13 Jul 2024 23:00:00 +0000

Publishing a JavaScript library requires creating an artifact (a .tar.gz file, aka tarball) that will be downloaded when your users install the package, say with npm install your-package. Call the directory in a git repo the “source package” and the tarball artifact the “distribution package.” After creating this artifact you upload it to a package registry, typically npm. This artifact has requirements like there being a file called package.json at the root with metadata including the name of the package and its version number.

I finally got excited about LLMs

Sun, 19 Mar 2023 23:00:00 +0000

I’ve been reading Simon Willison, Matt Webb, and Geoffrey Litt this week on using LLMs to accomplish things I didn’t realize computers could do.

That’s Large Language Models, often we’re talking about GPT-3 from OpenAI but the technology is more than a specific product. Open versions of this aren’t far behind. Google might have had better versions of all this stuff while improving its reliability and accuracy, but too to late now: these are too clearly useful for the market to allow for-profit companies to continue to be cautious.

Observable Hugo Shortcode

Wed, 01 Dec 2021 12:00:00 +0000

Here’s a shortcode for embedding Observable notebooks in Hugo.

{{< obs
    specifier="@ballingt/embedding-example"
    cells="vegaPetalsWidget,viewof minSepalLength,viewof minSepalWidth"
>}}

When the shortcode is installed in layouts/shortcodes/obs.html in your Hugo site, the input above produces the output below.

Here’s the code to stick in the file layouts/shortcodes/obs.html.

Porting Endless Sky

Sun, 27 Dec 2020 23:00:00 +0000

I spent a couple weekends in 2018 and 2019 trying and giving up at porting Endless Sky, an open source 2D space exploration game in the vein of Escape Velocity, to the web. I’d start with writing Hello World in C using Emscripten to compile to WebAssembly and then try to draw the rest of the owl: porting a whole application.

This year I decided to ask for help. I was fortunate to make contact with janisozaur, who already had experience porting OpenRCT2 to the web. janisozaur did basically the entire port and I added some JavaScript integration for things like saving games.

2019

Thu, 26 Dec 2019 23:00:00 +0000

This Year

New biking destinations!

China Camp, great for first time biking campers, bike path almost the whole way, <30mi
Pinehurst Road around Redwood Regional Park from Berkeley, great forest!

Reading: lots of scifi! I had a great reading summer.

Traveled to Serbia and Argentina!

Work: I joined a data engineering team at Dropbox for a while, which was a good fit for expanding the scope of some work I was had already been doing, instrumenting desktop client and web interfaces to gather signals for ML models. Then in October I jumped to a new thing, Observable!

Waiting for the next Python implementation

Tue, 17 Sep 2019 23:00:00 +0000

The time may be ripe for a new Python implementation.

A lot of keynotes lately have called for one anyway. They are joined — informally, not speaking in an official capacity — by Python core developers in issuing a wakeup call: where is Python in the browser? Where is Python on mobile devices? How could Python be 2x faster?

Barry Warsaw at the PyCon 2019 Python Steering Council Panel Keynote:

The language is pretty awesome. […] The interpreter, in a sense, is 28 years old.

Experiences that have Tetris-Effect'd me

Sun, 28 Oct 2018 23:00:00 +0000

Tetris Effect: doing certain kinds of really absorbing things will make the activity pevasive in your thoughts when you close your eyes. This isn’t conversing with characters from a book I’m reading in a dream, this is starting to fall asleep and suddenly seeing falling blocks. I’d consider this different from “thinking with portals” where I start to be reminded of a game during waking hours. As I fall asleep, I think of the days activities in terms of this activity. My schoolwork is a form of fitting falling pieces together.

The Thue-Morse Sequence

Sun, 28 Oct 2018 23:00:00 +0000

Making things even

When I was little I liked (had a compulsion¹) to make certain things symmetrically even: if I accidentally brushed my face with my left hand, I might purposefully brush it with my right.

Sometimes left then right wasn’t enough: the right touch had been more recent! As the mental weight of each touch decayed with time, the right touch remained always a little stronger. The fix to this inequity was to tap, brush, or nibble again; this time first right, then left.

Python is not Java or C++: Python as a second language empathy

Fri, 06 Apr 2018 19:00:00 +0000

abstract

Python is not Java, nor is it C++

It’s different! Let’s talk about how.

Why?

Because as Python experts (you did choose to come to a Python conference so likely you’re either an expert already or in time you’re going to become one if you keep going to Python conferences) we have a responsibility to help our colleagues and collaborators who don’t know Python as well we do. The part of that responsibility I want to focus on today is when other people have experience with other programming languages but are new to Python.

PyCon Trivia 2017

Thu, 01 Jun 2017 10:00:00 +0000

Brandon Rhodes, in addition to chairing the PyCon and giving a talk this year, MC’d the Python trivia night as he has done for the past three years. (2014, 2015, 2016)

This year for some reason (maybe because I see him at work) Brandon asked me to help out with the trivia night. Along with Larry Hastings, each of the three of us wrote eight trivia questions. I wrote questions for the second section of trivia of night.

Methods in Python

Sat, 06 May 2017 19:00:00 +0000

Meet self

In Python we have functions and methods.

Function definitions in Python look like this:

    def sloganify(x):
        return "{} or bust!".format(x)

And method definitions look like this:

    class Person:
        def sloganize(self, x):
            return "{} or bust!".format(x)

Classes are buckets of functions

When we write Python code, we don’t really write methods; we write class statements which contain function definitions.

Class statements look like this:

    class Person:
       greeting = 'hello'
       x = 4 + 3

which is syntactic sugar for something like this:

Why teach JavaScript first

Sat, 22 Apr 2017 23:00:00 +0000

A couple of tweet threads from Sarah Drasner caught my eye today:

The decision by Stanford to use JavaScript to teach instead of Java has me wondering, why not Python?
— Sarah Drasner (@sarah_edo) April 22, 2017

After a few hours of this tweet going and some interesting discussion in the thread, I think my opinion on this has swayed https://t.co/1z1z5EJyNf
— Sarah Drasner (@sarah_edo) April 22, 2017

I agree: teach intro programming in JavaScript. Although I value folks doing and collecting Real Research like Mark Guzdial, Mel Chua, and Phillip Guo on this and other computing education issues, my opinion on this comes mostly from my own experiences teaching and learning.

Debouncing terminology

Tue, 04 Apr 2017 18:30:00 +0000

When I get stuck on a computer thing, I tend to ask a question in an irc channel or Slack or Zulip.

Sometimes it takes a while for my question to be answered. This is OK! Sometimes the act of asking the question helps me get unstuck. Often I end up making some progress after asking the question. At this point I can say “nevermind, I don’t need this question answered anymore,”

Who am I to give this talk?

Mon, 09 Jan 2017 20:00:00 +0000

Mariatta Wijaya tweeted

💭Thought process:
- I wanna do a talk about lib X 💡
- nah I'm not qualified 😩
- lib author should give the talk

How can I overcome this?
😓😕
— Mariatta 🤦 (@mariatta) January 9, 2017

tonight, asking how to get over the feeling that you are not qualified to give a talk you have an idea for. You can read other answers by following the tweet thread. Here are some of my thoughts.

From the Recurse Center to Dropbox

Mon, 09 Jan 2017 08:00:00 +0000

Last September I moved on from the Recurse Center, f.k.a. Hacker School. Three and a half wonderful years there shaped me as a programmer, an educator, a contributing community member and above all as a learner.

There’s so much to say about the Recurse Center that I have trouble saying anything at all.

Interactive Interpreter Undo

Tue, 13 Sep 2016 11:00:00 +0000

Undo is my favorite feature of the fancy python shell I help maintain, and I wish more interactive interpreters had it. I’ve previously written about the mechanics of implementing a command line interface that can rewrite its history, but not about how to teach a system to undo. I’d like to tell you why I like undo, and I hope afterward you’ll consider adding undo to your favorite interactive interpreter. I’m not going to cover how to write a program or language implementation from scratch with efficient undo as a design goal, although this is also topic I’m learning about. (If you have reading suggestions on this topic, please let me know!) Instead I’ll go over ways to add undo to existing programs and suggest some hacks you can use to try out undo with many command line interfaces today.

Richer command line interfaces

Thu, 14 Jul 2016 09:30:00 +0000

This post is preceded by a description of two types of command line interfaces. The more command line-like of these two types integrates into a normal shell session (python, telnet, bash) instead of using the alternate screen to present a fullscreen text user interface (top, vim, emacs). Sometimes programs blur this boundary with fancy formatting in a line-oriented command line interface, carefully avoiding overwriting previous user inputs and command outputs. On-keystroke autocompletion, multiline editing, inline documentation and syntax highlighting can be implemented with these techniques, making command line interfaces more useful.

Two types of command line interfaces

Sat, 09 Jul 2016 11:12:17 +0000

Command Line Creature Comforts

When a command line utility writes to stdout, sometimes that output is going to be piped to another utility or redirected to a file. And sometimes the input it reads from stdin will be coming from a file or another utility. But other times that output is just going to be displayed by a terminal emulator, and that input is going to be provided by a human typing.

Basic banner grabbing with Python

Tue, 28 Jun 2016 11:12:17 +0000

I’m attempting to write a bot and I was trying to find some information about ports on other computers. If anyone could help me out, I would appreciate it.

When you create a socket in Python, what does it represent?

What would be the underlying procedure for creating a connection with a host?

Let’s say I try to connect to a host using socket.connect, does it raise an exception if it times out?

Finding closure with closures

Wed, 01 Jun 2016 16:00:00 +0000

This is a presentation I gave at PyCon 2016. You can watch the video on YouTube and view the slides served from the repo on GitHub.

A friend of mine was asked what a closure was at a programming interview a few years ago. Despite being a competent Python and JavaScript programmer who took advantage of closures in code he wrote, he froze up at the question. It’d be nice to have something to say in response to this question, if not a solid definition.

Rebinding closures in Python

Tue, 05 Jan 2016 12:00:00 +0000

Since the release of Python 2.2 in 2001, all Python functions have closed over bindings in outer scopes. Before this release variables referenced from outer scopes had to be passed in as arguments. A common workaround to this limiting behavior was to set these at function definition time with keyword arguments:

#!/usr/bin/env python2.0
def find(self, name):
    return filter(lambda x, name=name: x == name, self.list_attribute)

Since 2001 this workaround is no longer necessary and the references to name in the body of the lambda function are resolved using the current value in the outer find function:

Remember to use invalidate_caches() in Python 3

Mon, 21 Dec 2015 14:00:00 +0000

This code fails 42% of the time. https://t.co/kTWKHrff3Q pic.twitter.com/pxLTYjkPYU
— Thomas Ballinger (@ballingt) December 21, 2015

I was getting intermittent failures of a test that checked that a feature of bpython was working.¹ The test was failing on my computer despite passing on Travis CI, a service that automatically runs the tests of the project each time I send changes to GitHub. The test only failed if another test had been run right before it, so running this other test was somehow changing the environment in which the failing test ran.

Terminal talk in one week

Fri, 03 Apr 2015 09:00:00 +0000

Last night Amy Hanlon, A. Jesse Jiryu Davis and I gave previews of our upcoming PyCon talks at an NYC Python Meetup Group event hosted at Venmo.

I had a great talk with James Powell about rlundo and his many adventures with loading shared libraries, and got valuable feedback about the talk from a few folks, particularly Jesse. I won’t be able to post the slides until next week, but by then I hope to have a nice post about the content.

Comparing key detection code in Blessed and Curtsies

Sat, 29 Nov 2014 16:05:00 +0000

lmontopo and I recently contributed to jquast’s wcwidth, a pure Python implementation of the system call of the same name. Contributing was really easy, and jquast was very supportive and helpful. Working on wcwidth led me to (re)discover Blessed, a terminal wrapper used in wcwidth to assist with manually inspecting whether character sequences were the right length in wcwidth.

Blessings is “a thin, practical wrapper around terminal capabilities in Python.” Blessed is jquast’s fork that slightly thickens this wrapping of terminal capabilities with useful features like keypress detection. Curtsies is a library I wrote for bpython-curtsies that probably crosses the line from wrapper to whatever something that isn’t a wrapper anymore is. Originally I wrote my own terminal interaction code, but in June I slotted in Blessings and it improved the code a bunch. Upon looking into Blessed I’ve found I’m again duplicating functionality, and I’m excited to make some net negative lines of code commits soon.

Writing Curtsies Docs

Sat, 22 Nov 2014 15:30:00 +0000

I finally bit the bullet and wrote documentation for Curtsies this last weekend. This required getting familiar with a few new tools like reStructuredText and Sphinx’s additions to it, including learning enough about those projects' internals to write a hacky custom directive and parser for displaying ANSI escape code-containing terminal output. But the most interesting part was the thinking about my library’s public API this forced me to do.

The large examples are mostly about using all the components of my library together. Is this bad? Will it be clear that they can be used separately? Does this indicate these components are more coupled that I thought?

In celebration of yield from

Tue, 14 Oct 2014 11:00:00 +0000

A conversation with current Hacker Schooler Cerek about writing a boggle solver in Haskell motivated me to squeeze in writing up a solution in Python yesterday morning between appointments with Hacker Schoolers.

The strategy I followed was to generate all candidate words and check them for validity with a dictionary, with the optimization of not actually traversing the entire tree of possible words. I wanted to separate building the candidate words and checking them for validity, but allow the two processes to communicate to eliminate branches that weren’t promising: if no English words begin with abcd don’t bother investigating the branch of the tree of candidate words that begin with these letters, like abcdh. Coroutines seemed like a good fit.

Reading Error Detecting and Error Correcting Codes

Mon, 06 Oct 2014 12:00:00 +0000

Last week’s Hacker School Paper of the Week was Richard Hamming’s “Error Detecting and Error Correcting Codes.” I worked through the paper (not something I do a lot) and wanted to show an example of my process reading it.

I’m probably an “active learner,” insofar as that’s a useful label in describing learning styles, whatever those are.¹ The way I worked through the paper was by reading a bit for a problem description, trying to solve the problem myself, then learning why my solution was suboptimal or reading the solution to a problem I couldn’t solve. This is like attempting the exercises in a math text before reading the chapter; it helps me care about solutions to problems because I want to compare my solution, or I’ve proved I can’t solve them myself.

Python Prompt Toolkit impressions

Tue, 30 Sep 2014 22:00:00 +0000

Last night I discovered Jonathan Slenders’ Python Terminal Toolkit: a fancy interface to the Python interpreter very much like bpython-curtsies, the project I’ve been working on on and off for a year. I was simultaneously very excited to see this work and a little depressed - on first glance many aspects of the project seem better than bpython, and appears to include a terminal wrapper at least as nice as my curtsies library. I think there’s potential for code reuse though, and it would be really fun to talk to Jonathan about the project. If the toolkit turns out to be flexible enough and we can add the necessary features, it might make for a great frontend for bpython.

Garbage collection

Thu, 04 Sep 2014 23:15:00 +0000

Guy Steele is a smart man who gave a talk sixteen¹ years ago about the design² of the Java³ programming⁴ language.⁵⁶ In Guy Steele’s talk “Growing a Language” he does not tell what garbage collection means, and says that is a task for you to try in your spare time. I have some spare time this day, and so will try to tell what garbage collection is.

A person is the thing that more than one of in a group can be called folks, but only one of cannot be called folks.

August bpython sprint

Sun, 31 Aug 2014 18:35:00 +0000

I just took a vacation for a week! I spend time with my family in Washington State mostly doing fun outdoorsy things. I didn’t answer email for the week but I did try to get some work in on bpython: only as much as was fun to do at the time. I made a list of issues¹ to try to tackle and chose the deadline of the first day of the next batch of Hacker School to finish them. I only have half of the original tasks checked off so far and still have today and tomorrow to improve that ratio, but I wanted to do a retrospective while I had time and they were fresh on my mind.

PyGotham bpython lightning talk

Sat, 16 Aug 2014 18:35:00 +0000

The Python REPL is great! You can try out code before putting it in your program and get information about types and objects:

A while ago some people created an even better REPL - you probably haven’t heard of it:¹

Then a fellow named Bob created bpython. It does some cool things. I wrote bpython-curtsies, an alternative frontend to bpython, that’s going to be what you get when you type bpython in the next release (0.14, coming in the next few weeks hopefully). You can install stable bpython now with

bpython curtsies is live

Tue, 13 May 2014 09:20:17 +0000

bpython 0.13 has just been released and it includes bpython-curtsies, the bpython frontend I’ve been working on on and off for 9 months. If you’re not reading on your phone or in bed with an ipad, take a moment to try it out:

$ pip install bpython[curtsies]
...
$ bpython-curtsies
>>> s = 'abc'
>>> s.   <look at that great autocompletion and call a method>
>>> <ctrl-R to undo that last command>
>>> <ctrl-D to exit bpython>
$ echo "you're back in the shell!"

Python Essential Reference Tutorial Quiz

Fri, 02 May 2014 11:12:17 +0000

Sometimes Python serves as a convenient lingua franca: it stands in for psuedocode as a language for expressing general programming ideas. For example, this excellent introduction to functional programming uses map(function, iterable) to to express the same idea that list comprehensions express. This isn’t as Pythonic, but it’s more universal. The article clearly and beautifully describes functional programming using runnable code examples in Python that are understandable to a wide audience.

Python and JavaScript

Thu, 17 Apr 2014 10:00:00 +0000

One late night at Hacker School a few months ago, I had the chance to discuss programming languages with the inimitable Will Byrd. At one point I mentioned that JavaScript and Python felt terrifically similar to me. Will thought that seemed odd, which made me want to examine it further.

Let me tell you about my favorite dynamically typed language.

JavaScript∪Python

In this language, everything is an object.¹

Objects are buckets of properties;² they’re mappings of names to other objects.³ These properties can be accessed with dot notation - that is, the name bar can be accessed on the object foo with foo.bar.⁴

Surprising Python

Sun, 23 Mar 2014 21:39:00 +0000

Here are some things that surprise folks about Python. I’ll present one with some background, then list a few others.

Ever since Kristen Widman built a bittorrent client at Hacker School last year, building one from scratch has been a popular project here.¹

A few months ago my friend Joe Wilner was having fun with the parser section of the project, decoding a .torrent file. Torrent files are bencoded, so the goal was to do something like this:

Math Museum Review

Sun, 09 Mar 2014 12:18:00 +0000

Last Saturday I went to the Museum of Mathematics, across from Madison Square Park with Casey. The museum of math appears to be primarily a playground where parents bring their children to osmose math from pretty geometric shapes. It was a bit expensive, small, and broken. But it was also pretty fun.

Exhibits were generally interactive activities you could enjoy without thinking about much of anything besides “this is neat,” with explanations and history available at touchscreen kiosks. This idea is great – the museumgoer can be entertained for an hour while the seeds of neat ideas are planted, or can actively seek out an explanation if they’re curious.

Trees in Python

Sun, 09 Mar 2014 11:12:17 +0000

This week I wrote a lot of trees:

Regular expression parser - builds regular expressions with a recursive descent parser
Regression trees - building a decision tree for classification
Program Synthesis - I talked to a lot of other people about program synthesis and built things with some of them.
Simple Tree in Java - helping some Java folks write code for some graph traversal exercises

The regression tree work resulted in a nice visualization.

Nonblocking stdin read works differently in Python 3

Sat, 01 Mar 2014 23:10:00 +0000

I added better paste support to bpython-curtsies this week, and when I finally got around to testing the feature in Python 3 I found things weren’t working as expected. The bug was to do with doing nonblocking reads of stdin working differently in Python 2 vs 3.

Once I traced the problem (pressing keys didn’t do anything) to recent changes I’d made to the terminal wrapper library, used by the project, I ran its tests. I wasn’t particularly hopeful this would solve the problem, and I wasn’t surprised when they all passed. The fiddly string manipulation bits of curtsies are well tested, but terminal interaction and stream reading aren’t at all.

Prepping for a Python talk with code snippets

Sun, 16 Feb 2014 11:12:17 +0000

After not making much progress on bpython for a while, someone in #bpython asked for better paste support, and I found I needed the same feature. Building something someone else needs and building something I want are two of my favorite things!

I’d like to give a presentation this week at Hacker School about features of Python folks might not have seen, in the form of short, standalone code snippets we could try to predict the output of together. (part Gary Bernhardt’s Wat, part Coding Bat, part http://rubykoans.com/) I’d like to be quickly jumping back and forth between a REPL and my examples. I considered both IPython notebook and what I think of as an emacs-style REPL (an editor in one vertical split and REPL in the other), but settled on good old bpython, which still just feels right to me for interactive exploration of Python.

Native scrolling in bpython: bpython-curtsies

Mon, 23 Dec 2013 11:12:17 +0000

I’ve mostly finished up work on an alternative frontend for bpython.

Updated: this is now the default bpython frontend, installed with pip install bpython and then run with bpython. To use the old frontend, use bpython-curses. The rest of this post refers to this new frontend as bpython-curtsies.

bpython-curtsies is bpython with native terminal scrolling:

It also has send-to-editor (F7 by default) and an improved version of good old bpython rewind: raw_input prompts are saved so they don’t need to be entered again, and a new environment is used instead of the old one, so variable bindings are actually undone.

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

        hello

Merry Christmas!
Let's go to Hamilton on Feb 27!

Books I've read since 2018

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Books I've read

2024

A Deepness in the Sky - Vernor Vinge

The Wee Free Men - Terry Pratchett

It's been a rough year for reading! I've been pretty into work.

2023

Ace - Angela Chen

The Warmth of Other Suns - Isabel Wilderson

Happy Go Lucky - David Sedaris

Soul Music - Terry Pratchett

Guards, Guards! - Terry Pratchett

Thud! - Terry Pratchett

Some good !!con energy going on with these titles.

Games I've played since I 2017

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Games I've played

2026

2025

Peglin

Balatro

Thronefall

2024

2023

Final Fantasy XVI

2022

Horizon Zero Dawn: Forbidden West

Cult of the Lamb

Vampire Survivors

Slay the Spire

Hades

2021

Horizon Zero Dawn

Stardew Valley

Frog Fractions 3

Final Fantasy XV

Spelunky 2

2019

Link's Awakening remake for Switch

This is pretty, but was interesting to me mostly for nostalgia reasons. This is the game world I might have the most brain space tied up in representing - though gradeschool it took years to beat it, I know every corner of it, and the language filled out my vocabulary. I mispronounced some of these words for years.

Marie's Crisis

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Marie's Crisis

How fun is Marie's Crisis? More fun if you like singing, more fun if you know the music, more fun if you know the words.

Pianists

Michael James Roy - most Saturdays?

Saturdays are great.

Brandon James Gwinn - Thursdays maybe?

Thursdays sometimes maybe?

Playlists

Really popular stuff

Tell me something to add!

Little Shop of Horrors
Le Miz
RENT
Oklahoma
Sound of Music: Do a Deer, My Favorite Things
Anything Goes: Anything Goes, I Get a Kick Out of You
Chicago: All That Jazz, We Both Reached For The Gun, Mr. Cellophane
Pippin

Pretty popular stuff

Grease
Dear Evan Hansen: Waving Through a Window,
Wicked: Popular, For Good, Defying Gravity
Oklahoma
Sound of Music
Beauty and the Beast
Spring Awakening
Hamilton
My Fair Lady: All I Want, On the Street Where You Live, I Could Have Danced All Night
Godspell: Day by Day
Hair: Aquarius, Hair

Sorta popular stuff

Chess
Company: Another Hundred People
Hedwig and the Angry Itch: Sugar Daddy
Funny Girl
Avenue Q
Into The Woods
Guys and Dolls
Waitress
Cabaret: Maybe this Time, Money
West Side Story
Phantom of the Opera:
Once: Falling Slowly
South Pacific: I'm gonna wash that man
Fiddler on the Roof
Mary Poppins: Spoonful of Sugar
Carousel: What I did for Love
Hello Dolly
Cats: Memory
Cats: Memory

Stuff I've heard

Aladdin

Reportedly popular

This is stuff I've never heard at Marie's Crisis but I see on playlists

Programming ideas I'm tracking

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Things in Programming

that I'm paying attention to

Philip Guo

Publications

repl.it

lighttable+eve

The tragedy of a wonderful run

Runkit

I wonder what's going on with this

Observable.hq

I want to understand how this can work product-wise

Glitch

fast.ai

Airtable

Thomas Ballinger bio

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

Thomas Ballinger

Variable length bio

Move the slider to get a bio of the length you need. Prompted by @pgbovine.
42 chars
full name in body

Tom is pretty awesome. You'll need to enable JavaScript for this. If you'd prefer a handcrafted bio for your purposes, send me an email.